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Purpose@#The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of auriculotherapy on musculoskeletal pain in adults. @*Methods@#A total of 885 studies were retrieved from nine databases (PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, Ovid Medline, Cochrane Library, RISS, KMbase, and KISS). Sixteen studies were selected for meta-analysis, which satisfied the inclusion criteria and the evaluation of risk of bias. Demographic data, auriculotherapy types, intervention characteristics, auricular points, and outcomes related to pain (subjective pain scale, and amount of analgesic) were extracted from all included studies. The effect size of auriculotherapy was analyzed through comprehensive meta analysis 3.0, and the presence of publication bias was analyzed through a funnel plot and Egger’s regression. @*Results@#The results of the meta-analysis (n = 16) revealed that the auriculotherapy was significantly superior to the control group on present pain in adults (Hedges’ g = - 0.35, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = - 0.55~- 0.15). According to the results of subgroup analysis, the effect size of auricular acupuncture therapy (Hedges’ g = 0.45, 95% CI = - 0.75~- 0.15) was higher than the auricular acupuncture (Hedges’ g = 0.27, 95% CI = - 0.53~0.00): the longer the intervention period, the greater the effect size. @*Conclusion@#In this study, auriculotherapy demonstrates a significant reduction in musculoskeletal pain in adults. Therefore, it is necessary to refine the curriculum to include auriculotherapy as a nursing intervention to relieve musculoskeletal pain in adults and encourage its use in clinical settings.
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Purpose@#This study was done to clarify and analyze the concept of emotional intelligence in Nursing. @*Methods@#Using the framework of Walker and Avant’s concept analysis, 60 articles on emotional intelligence were selected for this study. @*Results@#Emotional intelligence was defined as aspects of individual recognition of emotion and relational activities of emotion. The attributes of emotional intelligence are competency to be aware, regulate, express and use nurses’ own and patients’ emotions in a therapeutic manner. The antecedents of emotional intelligence include meeting with patients, cognitive ability, empathy, modulating emotion and interpersonal skills. Consequences of emotional intelligence are forming relationship between nurse and patients, personal growth, achievement in workplace, high job satisfaction, low burnout and high quality of nursing care. The concept was clarified by presentation of model, borderline, contrary and related cases. @*Conclusion@#This study is meaningful in that the concept and attributes of emotional intelligence are identified in the nursing area by reflecting the characteristic and the purpose of nursing. In addition, based on the results of this study, development of standardized tools to measure emotional intelligence and development of educational programs to enhance nurses’ emotional intelligence are recommended.
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Purpose@#This study aimed to identify the factors influencing positive subjective health awareness of middle school-age multicultural adolescents in Korea. @*Methods@#This study used data from the fourth to sixth waves of the Multicultural Adolescents Panel Study conducted by the National Youth Policy Institute. In this study, a panel logit model analysis was performed using the Eviews 8.0 program (p<.050). @*Results@#Socioeconomic status (r=.02, t=2.13, p=.033), body satisfaction (r=.71, t=1.97, p=.048), and depression (r=-.74, t=2.35, p=.018) influenced positive subjective health awareness in multicultural adolescents. When multicultural characteristics were entered into a statistical model with environmental and personal characteristics, multicultural characteristics did not have a significant influence on positive subjective health awareness. @*Conclusion@#Environmental, personal, and multicultural characteristics were related to positive subjective health awareness in multicultural adolescents; thus, an integrated approach considering those variables is recommended. Nursing interventions and educational programs are needed to improve the psychological status of multicultural adolescents and reduce prejudice about them. In addition, nurses need to be sensitive to multicultural characteristics and the developmental characteristics of multicultural adolescents.
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Purpose@#This study aimed to identify the influence of moral sensitivity, knowledge of advanced directives, good death perception on nurses’ attitudes toward the withdrawal of life-sustaining treatment (WLST) in a general hospital. @*Methods@#189 nurses in a general hospital completed structured questionnaires including the Korean Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire, Knowledge of Advanced Directives Questionnaire, Concept of Good Death Measure, and Attitudes toward WLST Questionnaire. Data were analyzed with independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression using SPSS/WIN 22.0 program. @*Results@#Nurses’ attitudes toward WLST was significantly affected by experience of life-sustaining treatment, moral sensitivity and knowledge of advanced directives. In hierarchical multiple regression, nursing experience of life sustaining treatment (β=.27, p<.001), moral sensitivity (β=.23, p=.001), and knowledge of advanced directives (β=.39, p<.001) determined the attitudes toward WLST. These factors explained 48% of the total variability in WLST in this sample. @*Conclusion@#For patients’ dignified death, it is necessary to develop and apply nursing interventions considering the influencing factors on nurse's attitudes toward life-sustaining treatment, and suggest follow-up research on nurse's behavior related to WLST.
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PURPOSE: This study was done to analyze and clarify the concept of empathy in nursing. METHODS: Using the concept analysis framework of Walker & Avant 68 articles about empathy were selected for this study. RESULTS: Defining attributes of empathy included recognizing others' perspective and thought, understanding others' emotion, and communicating with them. The antecedents of empathy included contact with patients, respect and trust for patients, a certain level of cognitive ability, and communication skills. Consequences of empathy were increasing patient self-understanding, self-awareness as a therapeutic subject and improving quality of nursing. The concept was clarified through presentation of model, borderline, related, and contrary cases. CONCLUSION: The results of this study are meaningful in that the concept and attributes of empathy are explored in the area of nursing. Also, based on results of this study, development of standardized tools to measure patient-perceived empathy and measure the three attributes of empathy is recommended as well as the development of educational programs to enhance empathy.